Sunday 30 August 2015

Fog Computing

Hi friends, we all know what cloud computing is. Cloud Computing is the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.

What is Fog Computing?

 Fog is simply a cloud that is close to the ground. Fog computing is the extension of cloud computing.This term of Fog Computing is introduced by Cisco in 2014. This term can also be called as Fogging or Edge Computing. With this the operation gets easy to compute, storage and networking services between end devices and cloud computing data centers.
It has distributed infrastructure in which some application services are handled at the network edge in a smart device and some application services are handled in a remote data center in the cloud.It's processing takes place on data hub on mobile device or in router. It is simply inefficient to transmit all the data a bundle of sensors creates to the cloud for processing and analysis.



Cloud computing has become the buzz word during the recent years. But it largely depends on servers which are available in a remote location, resulting in slow response time and also scalability issues. Response time and scalability plays a crucial role in machine to machine communication and services. The edge computing platform solves the problems by the simple idea of locating small servers called edges servers in the vicinity of the users and devices and passing to the servers some of the load of center servers and/or user’s devices.
Goal is to  improve efficiency and reduce the amount of data that needs to be transported to the cloud for data processing, storage.

Security Issue :
The main security issue are authentication at different level of gateway as well as smart meter installed in consumer's home. A user can either tamper with its own smart meter reporting false reading or spoff IP address.

Privacy Issue :
In smart grid, privacy issue deals with hiding details such as what appliance was used at what time, while allowing correct summary of information.

Difference between cloud computing and fog computing :

Fog computing is processing and applications are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than transfer to cloud for processing.So all processing is done at smart devices in the network not in the cloud.
In Mobile cloud computing the mobile devices and cloud computing combine to create a new infrastructure and data processing and data storage are outside of mobile devices (at the cloud).

Applications :
  • Connected cars: It’s ideal for connected cars, because real-time interactions will make communications between cars, access points and traffic lights as safe and efficient as possible.
  • Smart grids: Allows fast, Machine-To-Machine (M2M) handshakes and Human to Machine Interactions (HMI), which would work in cooperation with the cloud.
  • Smart cities: Fog computing would be able to obtain sensor data on all levels of the activities of cities, and integrate all the mutually independent network entities within.
  • Healthcare: The cloud computing market for healthcare is expected to reach $5.4 billion by 2017, according to a Markets and Markets report, and fog computing would allow this on a more localized level.

Tuesday 25 August 2015

Capacitive Touch Communication

Hi friends, imagine that your smartphone,tablet,iPad sense your touch and do not understand the instruction given by other unauthorized user. Wow what a brilliant idea!!!
Yes, it is possible by this newly emerging technology "Capacitive Touch Communication". In this technology the device handled not only sense the authorize touch but if the stranger handles the device it gives signal to the user on wearable device (eg : ring, watch, etc).
It would be of great benefit for the device to know who is interacting with it and occasionally to the authenticate the user. This improves human-computer interface and also improves users experience.The important data like e-mails and personal photos, pay bills, and transfer funds between our bank accounts in the device remains safe from strangers.It saves time and gets easy for finding traces of the person.It is bit costly as it also require wearable device other than mobile device.

There are four different technologies used to make touch screens:
  • Resistive
  • Capacitive
  • Surface Acoustic Wave(SAW)
  •  Infrared LED or Optical
 
A capacitive screen in most commercial tablets and smartphones consists of an array of conducting electrodes behind a transparent, insulating glass layer which detects a touch by measuring the additional capacitance of a human body in the circuit.

Fig. 1. Schematic of a basic capacitive touch screen.
Fig. 2.Internal touch detection circuit






This is a system for using a user device to communicate with touch screen of an electronic device generating electronic circuit of user device, a signal by encoding data sequence that is stored in memory of user device.

Architecture:

Fig. 3. Overall architecture of the capacitive touch communication
This technology if very friendly,fast,accurate & easy to operate. Further this can be adopted by computer since it is innovative.